Pneumonia remains one of the most common and serious respiratory infections globally. It affects both children and adults, and in Nigeria, it remains a significant cause of illness due to late diagnosis, poor access to timely care, and self-medication.
What Exactly Is Pneumonia?
Pneumonia is an infection that inflames the air sacs in the lungs. These air sacs may fill with fluid or pus, making breathing difficult and reducing the amount of oxygen that reaches the bloodstream.
It can be caused by:
- Bacteria (most common in adults)
- Viruses (common in children)
- Fungi (in people with weak immunity)
Common Symptoms to Watch For
- Persistent cough
- Fever or chills
- Chest pain when breathing
- Difficulty breathing
- Fatigue
- Loss of appetite
If symptoms worsen over 48 hours, medical attention is critical.
Risk Factors in Nigeria
Certain groups are more vulnerable:
- Children under 5
- Adults over 60
- People with asthma, COPD, diabetes, or heart disease
- Smokers
- Those living in overcrowded or polluted environments
How to Reduce Your Risk
- Stay up to date with vaccinations
- Treat colds or flu early
- Avoid self-medication
- Reduce exposure to smoke
- Strengthen immunity through good nutrition and hydration
When to Contact a Doctor
If breathing becomes difficult, fever persists, or symptoms worsen, immediate medical evaluation is needed. TelMD provides fast access to clinicians who can assess symptoms, recommend appropriate treatment, and guide you on next steps — all from home.
